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Articles

CJPL: VOL. 10, NO. 1, JUNE 2022

The Link between Malaria and Ferroptosis - A Review

Submitted
November 9, 2022
Published
2022-11-09

Abstract

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death characterized by extensive lipids peroxidation, dysfunctional glutathione-dependent antioxidant enzyme system, and alterations in the morphology of the mitochondrial membrane. This cell death plays a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, arthritis, and cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of malaria. This evidence includes plasmodium-induced biochemical changes that could affect the susceptibility of host red blood cells and the parasite to ferroptosis and the role of ferroptosis in reducing parasite survival at the liver stage. Ferroptosis is induced by iron-dependent oxidative stress. Given that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of malaria, ferroptosis could also be involved. Furthermore, the frontline anti-malarial compound dihydroartemisinin exerts an anti-cancer effect through a ferroptosis-mediated mechanism. This suggests that ferroptosis induction could be one of its mechanisms of action against Plasmodium. In this review, we discussed the link between malaria and ferroptosis. Studying ferroptosis could reveal novel biochemical mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of malaria. It may also unravel new modes of action of anti-malarial drugs, the biochemical basis for low drug efficacy, and promising molecular targets for the development of new anti-plasmodial compounds.