Skip to main navigation menu Skip to main content Skip to site footer
cjpl

Articles

CJPLS: VOL. 13, NO. 1, JUNE 2025

Effect of different high-fat diets on lipid profile in albino rats

Submitted
November 28, 2024
Published
2025-01-23

Abstract

Abstract:

High-fat diets and sedentary lifestyles are the main causes of obesity, which is a major risk factor for chronic illnesses like heart disease, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and several types of cancer. This comparative study examines how male albino rats' lipid profiles are affected by high-fat diets made from widely eaten vegetable oils. A total of 48 male albino rats weighing between 100 and 150 grams were randomly assigned to five groups of eight. As the control group, Group 1 was given a diet that contained 11% energy from 5% soybean oil. Rats in Group 2 were given a diet that contained 30% crude palm oil and 2.5% soybean oil (CPO group). Rats in Group 3 were given a diet that contained 30% refined palm oil and 2.5% soybean oil (RPO group). Rats in groups 2–5 were fed a diet consisting of 2.5% soybean oil and 30% groundnut oil (GO group) and Group 5 rats were fed a diet consisting of 2.5% soybean oil and 30% shea butter (SHB group). Blood samples were taken at the end of the 8-week feeding protocol in order to evaluate lipid profiles, and the atherogenic index and coronary risk index were also computed. The results indicated that there were no significant differences (p < 0.05) in the levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol between the rats fed high-fat diets and the control group. In conclusion, the high-fat meals assessed in this study did not negatively impact the rats' lipid profiles and fared similarly to soybean oil.

References

  1. REFERENCES
  2. E. B. Feldman, “Assorted monounsaturated fatty acids promote healthy hearts,” The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 70, no. 6, pp. 953–954, 1999.
  3. R. P. Mensink, “Fatty Acids: Health Effects of Saturated Fatty Acids,” Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition), vol. 2, no. 2005, pp. 215–219, 2013.
  4. U. Schwab et al., “Effect of the amount and type of dietary fat on cardiometabolic risk factors and risk of developing type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer: a systematic review,” Food & Nutrition Research, vol. 58, no. 1, p. 25145, 2014.
  5. S. Grundy and M. Denke, “Dietary influences on serum lipids and lipoproteins.,” Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 31, no. 7, pp. 1149–1172, 1990.
  6. N. Saki, G. Saki, F. Rahim, Abolfazl Shiravi khoozani, and Soheila Nikakhlagh, “Modulating effect of soy protein on serum cardiac enzymes in cholesterol-fed rats,” International Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, vol. 3, no. 14, pp. 390–395, 2011.
  7. J. H. Hong and I. S. Lee, “Effects of Artemisia capillaris ethyl acetate fraction on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme in high-fat diet induced obese mice,” Chemico-Biological Interactions, vol. 179, no. 2–3, pp. 88–93, 2008.
  8. J. Zeng, S. Deng, Y. Wang, P. Li, L. Tang, and Y. Pang, “Specific Inhibition of Acyl-CoA Oxidase-1 by an Acetylenic Acid Improves Hepatic Lipid and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Metabolism in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet,” Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 292, no. 9, pp. 3800–3809, 2017.
  9. G. W. Dryden, C. J. Mcclain, G. Arteel, and I. Deaciuc, “Clinical implications of oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy,” Current Gastroenterology Reports, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 308–316, 2005.
  10. L. Zuo and D. Wijegunawardana, “Redox Role of ROS and Inflammation in Pulmonary Diseases.,” Advances in experimental medicine and biology, vol. 1304, pp. 187–204, 2021.
  11. T. Mashimo and T. Serikawa, “Rat Resources in Biomedical Research,” Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 214–220, 2009.
  12. C. Wen, D. Chen, R. Zhong, and X. Peng, “Animal models of inflammatory bowel disease: category and evaluation indexes.,” Gastroenterology Report, vol. 12, Dec. 2023
  13. S. Patel, A. Patel, L. Singh, A. Katiyar, and R. Singh, “Effect of saturated and unsaturated fats on popping quality of popcorn variety-amber,” Indian Journal of Agricultural Biochemistry, vol. 35, no. 1, pp. 105–107, 2022.
  14. T. Shiraev, M. J. Morris, and H. Chen, “Differential Effects of Restricted Versus Unlimited High‐Fat Feeding in Rats on Fat Mass, Plasma Hormones and Brain Appetite Regulators,” Journal of Neuroendocrinology, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 602–609, 2009.
  15. S. G. Yu, N. Qureshi, A. Gapor, A. A. Qureshi, A. M. Thomas, and B. Tan, “Dose‐response impact of various tocotrienols on serum lipid parameters in 5‐week‐old female chickens,” Lipids, vol. 41, no. 5, 2006.
  16. D. O. Edem, “Palm oil: biochemical, physiological, nutritional, hematological, and toxicological aspects: a review.,” Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, vol. 57, no. 3–4, pp. 319–341, 2002.
  17. M. M. Ash, T. J. Carden, K. T. Hwang, K. A. Wolford, and T. P. Carr, “Unrefined and Refined Black Raspberry Seed Oils Significantly Lower Triglycerides and Moderately Affect Cholesterol Metabolism in Male Syrian Hamsters,” Journal of Medicinal Food, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 1032–1038, 2011.
  18. C. Scaccini, M. Nardini, M. D’Aquino, V. Gentili, M. Di Felice, and G. Tomassi, “Effect of dietary oils on lipid peroxidation and on antioxidant parameters of rat plasma and lipoprotein fractions.,” Journal of Lipid Research, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 627–633, 1992.
  19. S. Sampurna, H. Hapsari, E. P. Liashari, S. S. Gibran, A. P. Aulia, and S. T. Zulaikhah, “Effect of Bajakah Tea Extract (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) on High Density Lipoprotein, Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol Levels in Male Wistar Rats,” Pharmacognosy Journal, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 687–69,. 2023.
  20. F. H. Mattson, “A changing role for dietary monounsaturated fatty acids,” Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol. 89, no. 3, pp. 387–391, 1989.
  21. M. E. Brousseau et al., “Dietary Monounsaturated and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids are Comparable in their Effects on Hepatic Apolipoprotein mRNA Abundance and Liver Lipid Concentrations when Substituted for Saturated Fatty Acids in Cynomolgus Monkeys,” The Journal of Nutrition, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 425–36, 2023.
  22. R. Manorama and C. Rukmini, “Serum lipids of rats fed crude and refined palm oil in high cholesterol and cholesterol free diets,” Nutrition Research, vol. 12, pp. S93–S103, 1992.
  23. A. Basu, “Role of Berry Bioactive Compounds on Lipids and Lipoproteins in Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.,” Nutrients, vol. 11, no. 9, p. 1983, 2019.
  24. M. Ajebli, M. Eddouks, and A. Amssayef, “Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant and Cardioprotective Effects of the Aqueous Extract from Scorzanera Undulata Tubers in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.,” Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 17–23, 2020.