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CJPLS: VOL. 12, NO. 2, DECEMBER 2024 (Ongoing)

PREVALENCE AND CO-INFECTION OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS AMONG HIV PATIENTS ON ART IN PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA

Submitted
October 27, 2024
Published
2024-11-15

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is one of the most common and medically prominent infections worldwide and has been implicated in various gastric disorders including peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Several investigators have reported a high prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients with chronic liver diseases. Some have suggested that it might contribute to the mechanism of hepatitis C (HCV) related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The relationship between H. pylori and chronic hepatitis C (CHC) remains controversial.  This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of H. pylori co-infection with Hepatitis C among HIV-positive patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its correlation with viral load at the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital (RSUTH), Nigeria. A total of two hundred (200) participants were recruited and screened for Helicobacter pylori and HCV antibodies using rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) while HIV viral load was performed using Reverse Transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Questionnaires were used to obtain demographic data of the participant. The results revealed a 60.5% prevalence of H. pylori, with none testing positive for antibodies to HCV (Anti-HCV). The majority of the participants were within the age range of 33-40 years, predominantly females 69.0%, married 46.0%, secondary education 54.0%, and participants with viral load less than 20 copies/ml 74%.  Across all viral load ranges, the prevalence of the specific outcome appears to be relatively consistent, ranging from 60.1% to 63.3%. There was no statistical association between the demographic variable and the infection (p > 0.05).  In conclusion, while the prevalence of H. pylori is high with no HCV infections among HIV-infected individuals in Port Harcourt, the specific outcome or characteristic of viral load is somewhat consistent, indicating despite the difference in counts, the prevalence within each range is quite similar.

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