The integration of technology and human factors has become essential in fostering
safety and efficiency in modern aviation operations. This paper examines how emotional intelligence (EI), when supported by technological innovations, can mitigate human error and enhance operational safety in Nigeria’s aviation sector. Drawing on a qualitative methodology and secondary data, including ICAO and NCAA safety reports, the study explores critical intersections between human performance variables—such as decision making, crew resource management, and fatigue—and emerging technologies like simulation training, wearable biometrics, and AI-assisted feedback. Despite efforts by regulatory bodies to improve safety standards and adopt EI frameworks, incidents linked to human factors persist, revealing a gap in both cultural adaptation and training implementation. The paper further critiques existing literature for its limited contextual focus on sub-Saharan African aviation environments. It argues that embedding EI development within a tech-enhanced, culturally sensitive training framework is vital for sustainable safety improvements. Recommendations are made for the incorporation of targeted EI training, investment in real-time monitoring tools, and policy reforms that align with Nigeria’s specific aviation challenges.