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Articles

CJET: VOL. 6 NO. 1, June 2022

Study of effects of Groundnut shell and Grog additives on the refractory Properties of Isiagu Clay

Submitted
October 5, 2022
Published
2022-10-05

Abstract

This research aimed at finding out the impacts of groundnut shell and grog additives on the refractory properties of Isiagu Clay. The raw materials were collected locally, processed and analysed using Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray (SEM/EDX). The additives were added to the raw clay in the ratio of 2.5,5.0,7.5 and 10 wt% and fired at 900oC and 1100oC, respectively. The refractory properties measured were; linear shrinkage, apparent porosity and bulk density. The result of the SEM/EDX analyses showed that the clay is a fire clay since it contains 61.68% Alumina (Al2O3) and 34.97% Silica (SiO2) while the grog additive contains 65.5% Al2O3and 34.33% SiO2, respectively. The groundnut shell itself contains 1.55% Al2O3 and2.91% SiO2, respectively. Groundnut shell also contains 75.1% Nb2O5 which imparts good heat conductivity to samples containing it. SEM/EDX morphological analysis results showed that both grog and groundnut shells contain tiny to coarse particles, however, grog has greater strength for refractory application than groundnut shell due to its high alumina and silica contents. For groundnut shells, linear shrinkage increased from 7.477% to 7.881% at 900oC while grog decreased from 3.383 to 3.509 % at 900oC. The decrement in linear shrinkage in grog-containing samples is due to the high amount of Al2O3 and SiO2 present in the grog which makes it desirable for refractory application. The apparent porosity measurement showed that the samples containing groundnut shell are suitable for insulating application since it contains a high amount of organic matter. ANOVA results confirmed that temperature and additive percentages were not significant for linear shrinkage measurement.